2021年09月08日来源:信管网 作者:cnitpm
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软件设计师每日一练试题内容(2021/9/7)
试题1: 以下关于文档的叙述中,不正确的是()。
A.项目相关人员可以通过文档进行沟通
B.编写文档会降低软件开发的效率
C.编写高质量文档可以提高软件开发的质量
D.文档是软件的不可或缺的部分
给定关系模式R{AI,A2,A3,A4)上的函数依赖集F={AIA3>A2,A2->A3}。若将R分解为P={(A1,A2),(A1,A3)},则该分解是( )的。
A.无损联接且不保持函数依赖
B.无损联接且保持函数依赖
C.有损联接且保持函数依赖
D.有损联接且不保持函数依赖
某进程有 5 个页面,页号为 0~4,页面变换表如下所示。表中状态位等于 0 和 1分别表示页面不在内存或在内存。若系统给该进程分配了 3 个存储块,当访问的页面 3 不在内存时,应该淘汰表中页号为 (1) 的页面。假定页面大小为 4K,逻辑地址为十六进制 2C25H,该地址经过变换后,其物理地址应为十六进制 (2) 。
(1)A、0
B、1
C、2
D、4
(2)A、2C25H
B、4096H
C、4C25H
D、8C25H
基于构件的软件开发,强调使用可复用的软件“构件”来设计和构建软件系统,对所需的构件进行合格性检验、 ( ) ,并将它们集成到新系统中。
A、规模度量
B、数据验证
C、适应性修改
D、正确性测试
关于维护软件所需的成本,以下叙述正确的是( ) 。
A、纠正外部和内部设计错误比纠正源代码错误需要更大的成本
B、与需求定义相比,源代码的文字量大得多,所以源代码的维护成本更高
C、用户文档需要经常更新,其维护成本超过了纠正设计错误的成本
D、需要定义的错误会在设计时被发现并纠正,因此需求定义纠错的成本小于源代码纠错的成本
在设计测试用例时,应遵循()原则。
A.仅确定测试用例的输入数据,无须考虑输出结果
B.只需检验程序是否执行应有的功能,不需要考虑程序是否做了多余的功能
C.不仅要设计有效合理的输入,也要包含不合理、失效的输入
D.测试用例应设计得尽可能复杂
以下关于过程改进的叙述中,错误的是 ( ) 。
A、过程能力成熟度模型基于这样的理念:改进过程将改进产品,尤其是软件产品
B、软件过程改进框架包括评估、计划、改进和监控4个部分
C、软件过程改进不是一次性的,需要反复进行
D、在评估后要把发现的问题转化为软件过程改进计划
why have formal documents
first, writing the decisions down is essential.Only when one writes do the gaps appear and the (1) protrude(突出).The act of writing turns out to require hundreds of mini-decisions.and it is the existence of these that distinguishes clear.exact policies from fuzzy ones.
Second.the documents will communicate the decisions to others. The manager will be continually amazed that poliaes he took for common knowledge are totally unknown by some member of his team . Since his fundamentaljob is to keep everybody going in the (2)directon. his chief daily task will be communication, not decision-making,and his documents will immensely (3) this load.
Finally.a manager,s documents give him a data base and checklist. By reviewing them (4)he sees where he is. and he sees what changes of emphasis or shifts in direction are needed.
The task of the manager is to develop a plan and then to realize it. But only the written plan is precise and communicable. Such a plan consists of documents on what.when. how much.where.and who.This small set of critical documents (5) much of the manager.s work.if their comprehensive and critical nature is recognized in the beginning. the manager can approach them as friendly tools rather than annoying busywork. He will set his direction much more crisply and quickly by doing so.
(1)A.inconsistencies
B.consistencies
C.steadiness
D.adaptability
(2)A.other
B.different
C.another
D.same
(3)A.extend
B.broaden
C.lighten
D.release
(4)A.periodically
B.occasionally
C.infrequently
D.rarely
(5)A.decides
B.encapsulates
C.realizes
D.recognizes
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